Context

History

Ottoman court music, Persian classical tradition, and Central Asian connections.

01The Arel-Ezgi-Uzdilek System: Codifying Turkish Makam TheoryHow Rauf Yekta, Hüseyin Sadettin Arel, Suphi Ezgi, and Salih Murat Uzdilek gave Turkish makam music its standardized 24-tone theory, and why the system remains both dominant and contested.

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